(Please refer to the illustration above)
Semi Quantitative
results are obtained by visually comparing the reacted color blocks
on the strip to the printed color blocks on the canister. No
instrumentation is required.
Quality Control
Control standards are not supplied with this kit.
However, it is recommended that positive and negative specimens or
controls be tested as good laboratory practice to confirm the test
procedure and to verify proper test performance.
LIMITATIONS
1.
The adulteration tests included with this
product are meant to aid in the determination of abnormal specimens.
While comprehensive, these tests are not meant to be an
“all-inclusive” representation of possible adulterants.
2.
Creatinine: Normal creatinine
levels are between 20 and 350 mg/dL. Under rare conditions,
certain kidney diseases may show dilute urine.
3.
Nitrite: Nitrite is not a
normal component of human urine. However, nitrite found in urine may
indicate urinary tract infections or bacterial infections. Nitrite
levels of > 20 mg/dL may produce false positive glutaraldehyde
results.
4.
Glutaraldehyde: Is not
normally found in urine. However certain metabolic
abnormalities such as ketoacidosis (fasting, uncontrolled diabetes
or high-protein diets) may interfere with the test results.
5.
Specific Gravity: Elevated
levels of protein in urine may cause abnormally high specific
gravity values.
6.
Oxidants/PCC: Normal human
urine should not contain oxidants or PCC. The presence of high
levels of antioxidants in the specimen, such as ascorbic acid, may
result in false negative results for the oxidants/PCC pad.
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SUGGESTED READING
1.
Tietz NW. Textbook of Clinical Chemistry. W.B. Saunders Company.
1986, 1734.
2.
Tsai, S.C. et.al., J. Anal. Toxicol. 1998; 22 (6): 474
3.
Cody, J.T., “Specimen Adulteration in drug urinalysis. Forsenic Sci.
Rev., 1990, 2:63.
4.
Mikkelsen, S.L. et.al., Clin. Chem. 1988; 34: 648
5.
Hardman J, Limbird LE (Eds). Goodman & Gilman’s The
Pharmacological Basis of
Therapeutics, 10th Ed.,
McGraw-Hill Publishing. 2001, 1010.