The various benzodiazepines and their respective trade-names, half-lives, primary uses and benzodiazepine equivalent doses are listed in the following table.
| Drug Name | Common Brand Names | Time to Peak (Onset of action in hours) | Elimination Half-Life (h) [active metabolite] | Primary Effects | Approximate Equivalent Dose |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alprazolam |
Xanax, Xanor, Tafil, Alprox, Frontal (Brazil) |
1-2 |
6-12 hours |
anxiolytic |
0.5 mg |
Bromazepam |
Lexotanil, Lexotan, Lexomil, Somalium, Bromam |
1-3 |
10-20 hours |
anxiolytic |
5-6 mg |
Chlordiazepoxide |
Librium, Tropium, Risolid, Klopoxid |
1.5-4 |
5-30 hours [36-200 hours] |
anxiolytic |
25 mg |
Cinolazepam |
Gerodorm |
.5-2 |
9 h |
hypnotic |
40 mg |
Clonazepam |
Klonopin, Klonapin, Rivotril, Iktorivil |
1-4 |
18-50 hours |
anxiolytic, anticonvulsant |
0.5 mg |
Cloxazolam |
Olcadil (Brazil) |
2-5 (?) |
18-50 hours |
anxiolytic, anticonvulsant |
1 mg |
Clorazepate |
Tranxene |
Variable |
[36-100 hours] |
anxiolytic, anticonvulsant |
15 mg |
Diazepam |
Valium, Apzepam, Stesolid, Vival, Apozepam, Hexalid, Valaxona |
1-2 |
20-100 hours [36-200] |
anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant |
10 mg |
Estazolam |
ProSom |
0.5-5 |
10-24 h |
hypnotic |
1-2 mg |
Flunitrazepam |
Rohypnol, Fluscand, Flunipam, Ronal, Rohydorm (Brazil) |
0.5-3 |
18-26 hours [36-200 hours] |
hypnotic |
1 mg |
Flurazepam |
Dalmadorm, Dalmane |
1-1.5 |
[40-250 hours] |
hypnotic |
20-25 mg |
Flutoprazepam |
Restas |
0.5-9 |
60-90 hours |
hypnotic |
2-3 mg |
Halazepam |
Paxipam |
1-3 |
[30-100 hours] |
anxiolytic |
20-40 mg |
Ketazolam |
Anxon |
2.5-3 |
30-100 hours [36-200] |
anxiolytic |
15-30 mg |
Loprazolam |
Dormonoct |
0.5-4 |
6-12 hours |
hypnotic |
1-2 mg |
Lorazepam |
Ativan, Temesta, Lorabenz |
2-4 |
10-20 hours |
anxiolytic,anticonvulsant |
1 mg |
Lormetazepam |
Loramet, Noctamid, Pronoctan |
0.5-2 |
10-12 hours |
hypnotic |
1-2 mg |
Medazepam |
Nobrium |
? |
36-200 hours |
anxiolytic |
10 mg |
Midazolam |
Dormicum, Versed, Hypnovel, Dormonid (Brazil) |
0.5-1 |
3 hours (1.8-6 hours) |
hypnotic |
5 mg |
Nimetazepam |
Erimin |
0.5-3 |
14-30 hours |
hypnotic |
5 mg |
Nitrazepam |
Mogadon, Alodorm, Pacisyn, Dumolid |
0.5-7 |
15-38 hours |
hypnotic |
10 mg |
Nordazepam |
Madar, Stilny |
? |
50-120 hours |
anxiolytic |
10 mg |
Oxazepam |
Seresta, Serax, Serenid, Serepax, Sobril, Oxascand, Alopam, Oxabenz, Oxapax |
3-4 |
4-15 hours |
anxiolytic |
30 mg |
Phenazepam |
? |
1.5-4 |
60 hours |
anxiolytic, anticonvulsant |
1 mg |
Pinazepam |
Domar |
? |
40-100 hours |
anxiolytic |
20 mg |
Prazepam |
Lysanxia, Centrax |
2-6 |
36-200 hours |
anxiolytic |
10-20 mg |
Premazepam |
1 |
2-6 |
10-13 hours |
anxiolytic |
3.75 mg |
Quazepam |
Doral |
1-5 |
39-120 hours |
hypnotic |
20 mg |
Temazepam |
Restoril, Normison, Euhypnos |
0.5-3 |
8-22 hours,/p> |
hypnotic |
20 mg |
Tetrazepam |
Mylostan |
1-3 |
3-26 hours |
Skeletal muscle relaxant |
50mg |
Triazolam |
Halcion, Rilamir |
0.5-2 |
2 hours |
hypnotic |
0.25 mg |
Atypical benzodiazepine receptor ligands
| Drug Name | Common Brand Names* | Elimination Half-Life (h) [active metabolite] | Primary Effects | Approximate Equivalent Dose |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Clobazam |
Frisium, Urbanol |
8-60 hours |
anxiolytic, anticonvulsant |
20 mg |
DMCM |
? |
? |
anxiogenic, convulsant |
N/A, not used therapeutically |
Flumazenil |
Anexate, Lanexat, Mazicon, Romazicon |
1 hour |
antidote |
N/A, typical dose 0.2 - 0.6 mg |
Eszopiclone |
Lunesta |
6 hours |
hypnotic |
3 mg |
Zaleplon |
Sonata, Starnoc |
1 hours |
hypnotic |
20 mg |
Zolpidem |
Ambien, Nytamel, Stilnoct, Stilnox, Zoldem, Zolnod |
2.6 hours |
hypnotic |
20 mg |
Zopiclone |
Imovane, Rhovane, Zileze; Zimoclone; Zimovane; Zopitan; Zorclone |
4-6 hours |
hypnotic |
15 mg |